He was personally in charge of the mexican army at the battle of the alamo march, 1836, and he was responsible for the brutal and treacherous massacre at goliad march 1836. The return for the army dated june 30, at matamoros, lists both cloaks of coarse cloth and capes of duck. In 1852 he landed in havana, cuba, and joined santa anna on his return to mexico. The last retreating remnant of santa anna s defeated army swam the bankfull nueces river and toiled up the muddy slope to the adobe walls of fort lipantitlan 100 years ago, may 3l, 1836. By the middle of february 1836 santa anna s expeditionary force totaled 6,000 men. Woll, adrian the handbook of texas online texas state. Detailed information on the mexican army which fought the texans in thebattle of the alamo 1836and the us army in its first important foreign war ten years later, is notoriously elusive. Once you get in time with the writing youll really get into the stories. The mexicanamerican war, a also known in the united states as the mexican war and in mexico as the intervencion estadounidense en mexico u. On april 20, 1853, at santa anna s installation as president, he appointed woll governor and commandant general of.
In 1828 he used his military influence to lift the losing candidate into the. Letter from santa anna ordering retreat of the mexican army, april 22, 1836 page. Detailed information on the mexican army which fought the texans in the 1830s, and the us army in its first important foreign war ten years later, is notoriously elusive. Americans might know his as the cruel mexican general of the battle of the alamo in texas. As a personal note to monsieur chartrand i do encourage further works in this area of study.
He carried out a takenoprisoners policy having everyone killed at the alamo and at goliad. Bostigh, joseph vermillions and blank thompson, all soldiers of thebtexas armyunder general sam houston. While the quality of that force has been disputed, one historian called it the flower of the mexican army. Mexican army, outline of organization, 183536 compiled by tom kailbourn, 2008 note. Thomas, and addressed to his unhappy countrymen in mexico, which we translate. Because the battlefield was covered with the rotting corpses of mexican soldiers and the stench was unbearable, a few days after the battle the texas army and.
I highly recommend this work as an additional resource to use in the study of an army that does not get enough credit as a fighting force. When war did break out in 1846, the thenexiled santa anna returned to mexico and took command of a mexican army. The mexican general officer corps in the usmexican war, 1846. Scheina illustrates as well santa annas strategic shortcomings. The papers include letters, field orders, a signature, an article, a mortgage bond, commissions, and an oil painting of santa anna. Letter from santa anna ordering retreat of the mexican army. This outline, in response to requests by several members, provides a list of units in the mexican army as. Apr 23, 2017 march of santa anna s mexican army mommycox106. Santa anna partook in most major events in the first 40 years of mexican independence. Texas revolution arts and humanities flashcards quizlet. Santa anna took command of the mexican army that invaded texas in 1836. Santa annas military and political career was a series of reversals.
Unlike santa anna, urreas army was shadowed by supply ships that would provision the troops at the nearest points along the coast. Santa anna personally led the army into texas to squelch the revolution. In the flurry of recriminations and selfjustifications following the mexican military disaster in texas, the finger of blame pointed mostly at generals santa anna. The battle of the alamo cost the texans the entire 180250man garrison. It s interesting to read about the miserable conditions that the soldiers had to endure.
Osprey s examination of the mexican army of santa anna, from 1821 to 1848. During the united states invasion of mexico in 1846, woll served in the mexican army until santa anna s defeat in 1847, then sailed for europe. San antonio express newspaper, may 31, 1936, sunday. Santa annas infantry l to r corporal of infantry bn. Assumed command of mexican army following filisola s replacement in may, 1836. Scheina illustrates as well santa anna s strategic shortcomings. In typical santa anna fashion, the assault failed, mexico was forced to meet french demands, but santa anna managed to turn the disaster to his advantage.
A guide to the mexican army of operations in texas collection. The name probably derives probably from the dragoon s primary weapon, a carbine or short musket called the dragon, like a fire breathing dragon. He fought the french in 1838, losing a leg in battle, and led the mexican army to defeat in the mexican war. Ironically, the government gave santa anna command of an army with instructions to defend mexico by any means necessary. Army south, looks on upon hagels arrival in mexico city, april 23 140423dbw835322. In a stunning victory, houston s army succeeded in killing or capturing nearly the entire mexican force, including general santa anna, who was taken prisoner. See more ideas about mexican army, mexican american war and mexican. For a while he fought against mexican independance, but switched sides in 1821 and helped mexico win independance people. Important battle in texas, santa anna s army laid siege to san antonio, whose 200 texan defenders retreated into an abandoned mission, the alamo. Remember, this is the mexican army s perspective on santa anna s march into texas to teach the colonists a lesson.
Born in 1806, helped defend vera cruz from french in 1838. Santa anna took the field in person against the revolutionists. The mexican army was withdrawing to victoria until they got stuck in the mud. Thomas, and addressed to his unhappy countrymen in. The cloaks were issued to the infantry there is only a token listing of 20 in the cavalry, and those were for the cuautta detachment. Never has general santa anna performed a more contemptable. His forces successfully defeated the texas rebels at the alamo, and he. At buena vista, however, jefferson davis reserve forces stalled santa anna s mexican soldiers. Born in 1792 at jalapa, vera cruz, mexico, santa anna was the son of middleclass parents. This infuriated the texans, which coupled with santa anna s overconfidence, lead to a crushing defeat at san jacinto. Santa annas mexican army 182148 by rene chartrand, bill. Produced on of three mexican army maps of the alamo during the siege. By the way, about the 1835 army, here s the link from which the above illustration came from.
Dec 29, 2009 there s an osprey elite book, santa anna s mexican army 182148, which details the changes. He was a disastrous president for mexico, losing first texas and then much of the current american west to the united states. While travis and bowie were killed in the fighting, crockett s death is a subject of controversy. History and organization of the mexican armed forces, intelligence, national security, civilmilitary relations and national security. Mexican casualties are disputed but were approximately 600 killed and wounded. Ejercito mexicano is the combined land and air branch and is the. As a teen, he won a commission in the spanish army and might. May 28 lead elements of mexican army arrive in san patricio. Detailed information on the mexican army which fought the texans in the battle of the alamo 1836 and the us army in its first important foreign war ten years later, is notoriously elusive. Santa anna issued a plan at perote that called for the nullification of the election results, as well for a new law expelling spanish nationals from mexico, believed to be in league with mexican conservatives. Brigadiergeneral commanding the southern division of the mexican army operating against the texas gulf coast and goliad. Libro santa anna s mexican army 182148 pdf epub librospub.
He first opposed mexican independence from spain, but then fought in support of it. Native of tuscon, arizona, son of presidial officer. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Which of the following statements summarizes mexican. Santa annas repudiation of mexicos 1824 constitution and substitution of a much. Santa anna was allowed to live, but had to grant texas. Santa annas soldiers suffered in march to san antonio. Dragoon were soldiers trained to fight on foot, but trained in horseback riding and combat. May 14 treaties of velasco signed by republic of texas officials and general santa anna. Commander of the mexican army during the texas war for independence and the mexican war. In a disastrous setback for the texans resisting santa annas dictatorial regime, the mexican army defeats and executes 417 texas revolutionaries at goliad. Urreas army quickly routed the texas fighters at san patricio and goliad. The alamo charge of santa anna the final assault soundtrack duration.
Mexican army executes 417 texas revolutionaries at goliad history. Jan 06, 20 this point is the approximate site of the capture of santa anna, the president of mexico and commander of the mexican army, by james a. In organizing and equipping an army to enter texas, santa anna relied on traditional methods. The mexican army on the eve of war with the united states reflected the political instability and deep racial divisions that had plagued the nation since. Santa annas retreating army reached lipantitlan fort 100. May 31 mexican army arrives on the west bank of the nueces river. Dating from 1835 through 1849, the manuscripts include correspondence, military orders, and a decree that gives insight into the mexican army during the texas revolution. Fortune favors the brave the story of the texas navy war.
Osprey men at arms 272 the mexican adventure 186167 free download as pdf file. Humanities texas grant and was provided to the portal to texas history by the dolph briscoe center for american history. Santa anna s mexican army 182148 is well worth the read. In this groundbreaking book an internationally respected military historian presents a mass of new information from mexican archives and a variety of other contemporary sources.
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